Essay那些事—浅谈SAT题库事例准备

朗阁海外考试研究中心  唐艳

现状：

考生们在备考SAT写作时的态度主要有以下几种，有的是买份机经背答案，有的是一道一道题目书写，用功的考生可能写个20来篇，不用功的考生就写个2-3篇。

要：

大家都知道，SAT Essay评分是由两位考官进行的，请看下面这个“除六原则”：

每一项都从 低分1分到 6分，将总成绩除以6是这篇作文的 终得分，这个 终得分的范围在2分到12分间。

一些误解：

朗阁海外考试研究中心的平时在和考生的交谈中得知，他们加在乎观点、句式、语法和用法。对于事例或论据，他们认为考试的时候当场编造也是来得及的。考生对于上面提到的“除六原则”的理解是非常浅的。

方法指导：

如果真正在乎句式、词汇和语法，那么注重事例的准备尤为重要：因为具体的事例里是包含上面的考点的。

请看这个事例：用于英雄，名人和导话题的典型例子。

那么考生就可以运用这个例子，把上面的素材进行同义改写，在改写中运用推荐的部分语法和地道词汇，示范如下：

“除六原则”的必要性分析：

前面我们提到，由两位考官批改考生的essay, 而熟悉这一项不同分数段的“原则”就显得很重要，请看下列表格：

而事例的精心准备可以解决“除六原则”的句式、词汇、语法和句法的运用，是一个很好的备考Essay的切入点。

题库事例与考试真题的相关性：

在目前备考的189道题目中包括2005-2010的考试真题129题、来自OG的24题以及来自CB的36题，纵观题目范围以及考试频率很高的话题，朗阁海外考试研究中心的将以其中24道来自OG的题目结合2014年的真题为考生们分析一下。

由上面部分题库的分析可以看出：

1. 把时间花在素材准备上的必要性，给予的题目就是我们 真实的题目来源：因为事例的准备可以在我们学习的过程中很好的把握给出的“除六原则”中的句式、语法和词汇运用。

2. 与托福写作的独立作文一样，essay的重考概率也很高，类似话题也很多，也就是说不同题目其实表达的意思相同，在上面的表格里被标上红色的符号的题目就说明了这一点。

在此，朗阁海外考试研究中心的就把上面标注红色的题目事例为考生们分析一下，在备考essay的过程中，考生们一定要按照评分标准去要求自己，尤其是要从事例的准备入手。

主流观点和反对权威：

-- The theory of evolution is one of the great intellectual revolutions of human history. When Darwin published his famous On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, members of the religious community, as well as some scientific peers, were outraged and protested.

-- In Bruno's era, the religious community was in charge of the social thinking, and many people believed that the earth was the center of the universe. Regardless of a long period of imprisonment, Bruno claimed that the universe is infinite, which outraged the religious community, and Bruno was sentenced to death eventually.

-- the majority grinned and jeered when Columbus said the world was round. The majority threw him into a dungeon for his discoveries.

创造力与新思想：

-- Jim Henson was an eminent American puppeteer, best known as the creator of The Muppets.It all started from his freshmen year at the University of Maryland, College Park when he was asked to create Sam and Friends, a five-minute puppet show for a TV program. Believing that television puppets needed to have life and sensitivity, Henson overthrew the popular way of making puppets from carved wood, but made characters from flexible, fabric-covered foam rubber so that the puppets made were able to express a wider array of emotions at a time.

-- In 1928, Alexander Fleming left some unwashed plates containing some bacteria in his lab while he was on holiday. When he came back, he found that a mold was all over the plate and all the bacteria were dead. This amazing mold, Penicillin, could inhibit the growth of many deathful bacteria, and was later comprehensively used in medical treatment.

-- Mobile robot: They appear as consumer products, for entertainment or to perform certain tasks like vacuum cleaning. Also, domestic robots for cleaning and maintenance are increasingly common in and around homes in developed countries. Educational robot, Robots are used as educational assistants to teachers. From the 1980s, robots such as turtles were used in schools and programmed using the Logo language.

考生们在着手运用这些推荐的事例的同时别忘记像上面示范的“曼德拉”的片段那样：同义改写以加强词汇运用和语法用法。