新托福口语什么内容不该记（二）

朗阁海外考试研究中心 吴艳

针对新托福口语的综合任务部分，记笔记的环节是多数学生的困难，很多同学遇到记笔记的部分，就感觉难度大，无从找到正确而有效的方法。讲座与之前的对话有所不同，字数多，内容长，而不该记的内容就相对少一些。我们的讲座词数大约在200到400词，学生真正能记下来的平均在100词左右，因此，识别不该记的内容就为重要，因为这样可以在有限的时间内把握住重要的内容。本篇中，朗阁海外考试研究中心的将告诉大家，新托福口语讲座中的什么内容是不该记的。

首先，我要为同学们讲解，记笔记时的几点规则，帮助大家在记笔记时提高效率，抓住重点，从而提数。请看下面的几个学生的笔记，请大家选出好的，质量高的笔记：

很明显，我们会认为第三份笔记记得比较好，对比一下，我们看到其特点有四个：

1. 以短语为单位来记，便于我们复述时参考和串句子；
2. 分行记，清楚，不容易产生歧义；
3. 动词及动词短语相对前两份较多；
4. 使用符号，节省时间。

这就需要我们平时在记笔记时，多注意这些特点，根据第三份笔记，我们可以比较容易地串起句子，复述出讲座中的内容。

讲座中不该记的内容

TASK 4

我们来看下面的例子，我为大家标注出不该记的内容：

Consider this experiment.Two groups of people were asked to watch TV and while they are watching a picture flashed on the screen less than a second, very quickly so it was barely noticeable.

The picture was a boy with a birthday cake. Now, like I said, there were two groups and each group saw a slightly different version of the picture. One group got the boy looking angry,in fact, he was actually throwing the cake on the floor. The other group got a picture of the boy smiling, happy, holding up the cake like he was offering it. Same boy, same cake but different emotions expressed in each picture.

Everyone was then asked to look at a different image. Now,this is a third image, right? Again, it’s the boy and the cake, but this time the image stayed on the screen. In this picture, the boy’s just holding the cake basically no emotion on his face,everything very neutral.

Now, remember, nobody knew they’d already seen a picture of this boy. After a minute, everyone was asked to describe the boy’s personality. Those who’d been exposed to the image of the angry boy, they generally described the boy’s personality negatively. Those who’d earlier seen the happy boy described him, well, positively.

这一篇中，不需要记的共64词，全文共228词，因此，我们可以看到，讲座中需要记的内容比较多，而不需要记的主要有：连接词，重复内容即两句或两分句的内容相似，还有非常细节的部分比如throw the cake on the floor.

TASK 6

第六题就加需要抓住有价值的部分而舍弃语气、细节等内容了，值得说明的是，开头部分的内容、中间过渡部分的内容和结论是不需要记的，这是第六题的特点，同学们一定要掌握这个特点，不要耽误时间记录不重要的部分。下面我为大家标注出不该记的部分，供大家参考和以此类推。

So we’re talking about interior design, uh, specifically the basic principles typically used in home and office decoration in the United States. Effective designs create a delicate balance between two things:you need unity and you also need contrast, which is essentially a break in unity. Now, this might seem a little contradictory but let me explain why we need both of these for an effective design.

The first principle, we need unity in our design. Think of it as a consistency. Well, an easy and very effective way to do this is by bringing together similar elements, uh, common example is by matching colors. You pick a color and use it for different parts of the room. Say, you pick green and then use a light shade of green for the walls, and maybe a somewhat darker shade for the fabric on the sofa and finally compliment that with a matching green rug. When elements match, the room is unified and gives its resident a sense of order and comfort.

OK, but there is such a thing as too much unity. Remember, you need a balance of 43 unity and contrast. If all you do is focus on unity, the result will be a boring room! So what do you do?

Well, you apply the second basic principle of design, which is contrast. Contrast serves to disrupt or break up unity in places, but, in a careful and intentional way. Um, well, let’s continue using color as an example. To create contrast, color contrast, you need to abruptly change your color scheme once in a while. Uh, let’s see, you could throw bright red cushions on your dark green sofa for example. Contrast makes things stand out. The green will look even greener next to the red! So, now your room is more interesting, not completely the same.

But watch out! Too much contrast is also dangerous. Just like too much sameness is. Too much contrast will make the room feel busy, chaotic.

综上所述，我们在平时的练习中，应多注意记笔记的技巧，适当舍弃一些浪费时间、内容又无关紧要的部分，以提高笔记的效率和质量。只要熟悉每个题型的特点，抓住该记的重点而舍弃不该记的部分，即使在回答比较难的讲座部分，也可以提高很多分数，让自己的答案增加得分点。